JAVA实现可设置背景的MDI窗口
本文共 5044 字，大约阅读时间需要 16 分钟。
我们都知道，MDI(Multiple Document Interface)即多文档界面。使用MDI窗体时，将在一个父窗体内建立工作区，父窗体能够令一个以上的子窗体限制于其中活动及操作。在office 系列及VS/VS.Net等很多软件中都使用了MDI的表现形式。
而遗憾的是，虽然很多编程语言都提供了显著的MDI属性，但Java却算是个例外，基本上只能通过JDesktopPane结合JInternalFrame进行实现，而且局限性也比较多。
其实，利用Swing完成MDI，还有更简单的捷径可循。
下面，我给出一个简单的例子：
package org.loon.test;
/** 
* <p>Title: LoonFramework</p> * <p>Description:</p> * <p>Copyright: Copyright (c) 2007</p> * <p>Company: LoonFramework</p> * @author chenpeng * @email：[email]ceponline@yahoo.com.cn[/email] * @version 0.1
*/ import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.swing.BorderFactory; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.JLayeredPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextArea; import javax.swing.SwingConstants; import javax.swing.WindowConstants; import javax.swing.border.Border; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.EventQueue; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Insets; import java.awt.Point; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.awt.event.MouseListener; import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener; import java.io.IOException; public class JavaMDI extends JPanel { 
/** * 
*/ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L ; private static final int BACKLAYER = 1 ; Font FONT = new Font( " 宋体 " , Font.PLAIN, 12 ); private final BackImagePane layerPane; // 子窗体背景色 private int [] colors = { 0xdddddd , 0xaaaaff , 0xffaaaa , 0xaaffaa , 0xffffaa , 0xffaaff , 0xaaffff , 0xddddff } ; private Color getColor( int i, float f) { int b = ( int )((i & 0xff ) * f); i = i >> 8 ; int g = ( int )((i & 0xff ) * f); i = i >> 8 ; int r = ( int )((i & 0xff ) * f); return new Color(r,g,b); } public JavaMDI() { super ( new BorderLayout()); Image image; try { image = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource( " javamdi.jpg " )); } catch (IOException e) { image = null ; } layerPane = new BackImagePane(); layerPane.setImage(image); // 随机生成个子面板，作为内部窗体，实际使用时替换JPanel内部容器即可。 for ( int i = 0 ; i < colors.length; i ++ ) { JPanel p = createChildPanel(i); p.setLocation(i * 80 + 20 , i * 50 + 15 ); layerPane.add(p, BACKLAYER); } add(layerPane, BorderLayout.CENTER); } /** * 创建子面板，作为在内部移动的窗体 * @param i * @return */ private JPanel createChildPanel( int i) { // 使用html标记设定颜色 String html = " <html><font color=#333333> 子窗体ID " + i + " </font></html> " ; JLabel label = new JLabel(html); label.setFont(FONT); label.setOpaque( true ); label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER); // 设定背景色 label.setBackground(getColor(colors[i], 0.85f )); // 设定边距 Border border1 = BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder( 4 , 4 , 4 , 4 );; label.setBorder(border1); JTextArea text = new JTextArea(); text.setBackground( new Color(colors[i])); text.setMargin( new Insets( 4 , 4 , 4 , 4 )); text.setLineWrap( true ); JPanel p = new JPanel(); Color col = getColor(colors[i], 0.5f ); Border border = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(col, 1 ); p.setBorder(border); // 移动监听 DragMouseListener li = new DragMouseListener(p); p.addMouseListener(li); p.addMouseMotionListener(li); p.setLayout( new BorderLayout()); p.add(label, BorderLayout.NORTH); p.add(text, BorderLayout.CENTER); // 子窗体大小 p.setSize( new Dimension( 200 , 150 )); return p; } /** * 子窗体拖拽监听 * @author chenpeng * */ class DragMouseListener implements MouseListener, MouseMotionListener { Point origin; JPanel panel; DragMouseListener(JPanel p) { panel = p; } public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { origin = new Point( e.getX(), e.getY()); // 移动 layerPane.moveToFront(panel); } public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) { if (origin == null ) return ; int dx = e.getX() - origin.x; int dy = e.getY() - origin.y; Point p = panel.getLocation(); panel.setLocation( p.x + dx, p.y + dy); } public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {} } // 用分层面板JLayeredPane制作MDI背景 class BackImagePane extends JLayeredPane { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L ; public BackImagePane() { super (); } void setImage(Image img) { bgImage = img; } private Image bgImage; public void paint(Graphics g) { if (bgImage != null ) { int imageh = bgImage.getHeight( null ); int imagew = bgImage.getWidth( null ); Dimension d = getSize(); for ( int h = 0 ; h < d.getHeight(); h += imageh) { for ( int w = 0 ; w < d.getWidth(); w += imagew) { g.drawImage(bgImage, w, h, this ); } } } super .paint(g); } } public static void main(String[] args) { EventQueue.invokeLater( new Runnable() { public void run() { createGUI(); } } ); } public static void createGUI() { final JFrame frame = new JFrame( " JAVA实现可设置背景的MDI窗口 " ); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setSize( new Dimension( 800 , 600 )); frame.getContentPane().add( new JavaMDI()); frame.setAlwaysOnTop( true ); frame.setLocationRelativeTo( null ); frame.setVisible( true ); } }
效果图如下：
而遗憾的是，虽然很多编程语言都提供了显著的MDI属性，但Java却算是个例外，基本上只能通过JDesktopPane结合JInternalFrame进行实现，而且局限性也比较多。
其实，利用Swing完成MDI，还有更简单的捷径可循。
下面，我给出一个简单的例子：
package org.loon.test; /** * <p>Title: LoonFramework</p> * <p>Description:</p> * <p>Copyright: Copyright (c) 2007</p> * <p>Company: LoonFramework</p> * @author chenpeng * @email：[email]ceponline@yahoo.com.cn[/email] * @version 0.1 */ import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.swing.BorderFactory; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.JLayeredPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextArea; import javax.swing.SwingConstants; import javax.swing.WindowConstants; import javax.swing.border.Border; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.EventQueue; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Insets; import java.awt.Point; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.awt.event.MouseListener; import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener; import java.io.IOException; public class JavaMDI extends JPanel { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L ; private static final int BACKLAYER = 1 ; Font FONT = new Font( " 宋体 " , Font.PLAIN, 12 ); private final BackImagePane layerPane; // 子窗体背景色 private int [] colors = { 0xdddddd , 0xaaaaff , 0xffaaaa , 0xaaffaa , 0xffffaa , 0xffaaff , 0xaaffff , 0xddddff } ; private Color getColor( int i, float f) { int b = ( int )((i & 0xff ) * f); i = i >> 8 ; int g = ( int )((i & 0xff ) * f); i = i >> 8 ; int r = ( int )((i & 0xff ) * f); return new Color(r,g,b); } public JavaMDI() { super ( new BorderLayout()); Image image; try { image = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource( " javamdi.jpg " )); } catch (IOException e) { image = null ; } layerPane = new BackImagePane(); layerPane.setImage(image); // 随机生成个子面板，作为内部窗体，实际使用时替换JPanel内部容器即可。 for ( int i = 0 ; i < colors.length; i ++ ) { JPanel p = createChildPanel(i); p.setLocation(i * 80 + 20 , i * 50 + 15 ); layerPane.add(p, BACKLAYER); } add(layerPane, BorderLayout.CENTER); } /** * 创建子面板，作为在内部移动的窗体 * @param i * @return */ private JPanel createChildPanel( int i) { // 使用html标记设定颜色 String html = " <html><font color=#333333> 子窗体ID " + i + " </font></html> " ; JLabel label = new JLabel(html); label.setFont(FONT); label.setOpaque( true ); label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER); // 设定背景色 label.setBackground(getColor(colors[i], 0.85f )); // 设定边距 Border border1 = BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder( 4 , 4 , 4 , 4 );; label.setBorder(border1); JTextArea text = new JTextArea(); text.setBackground( new Color(colors[i])); text.setMargin( new Insets( 4 , 4 , 4 , 4 )); text.setLineWrap( true ); JPanel p = new JPanel(); Color col = getColor(colors[i], 0.5f ); Border border = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(col, 1 ); p.setBorder(border); // 移动监听 DragMouseListener li = new DragMouseListener(p); p.addMouseListener(li); p.addMouseMotionListener(li); p.setLayout( new BorderLayout()); p.add(label, BorderLayout.NORTH); p.add(text, BorderLayout.CENTER); // 子窗体大小 p.setSize( new Dimension( 200 , 150 )); return p; } /** * 子窗体拖拽监听 * @author chenpeng * */ class DragMouseListener implements MouseListener, MouseMotionListener { Point origin; JPanel panel; DragMouseListener(JPanel p) { panel = p; } public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { origin = new Point( e.getX(), e.getY()); // 移动 layerPane.moveToFront(panel); } public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) { if (origin == null ) return ; int dx = e.getX() - origin.x; int dy = e.getY() - origin.y; Point p = panel.getLocation(); panel.setLocation( p.x + dx, p.y + dy); } public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {} public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {} } // 用分层面板JLayeredPane制作MDI背景 class BackImagePane extends JLayeredPane { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L ; public BackImagePane() { super (); } void setImage(Image img) { bgImage = img; } private Image bgImage; public void paint(Graphics g) { if (bgImage != null ) { int imageh = bgImage.getHeight( null ); int imagew = bgImage.getWidth( null ); Dimension d = getSize(); for ( int h = 0 ; h < d.getHeight(); h += imageh) { for ( int w = 0 ; w < d.getWidth(); w += imagew) { g.drawImage(bgImage, w, h, this ); } } } super .paint(g); } } public static void main(String[] args) { EventQueue.invokeLater( new Runnable() { public void run() { createGUI(); } } ); } public static void createGUI() { final JFrame frame = new JFrame( " JAVA实现可设置背景的MDI窗口 " ); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setSize( new Dimension( 800 , 600 )); frame.getContentPane().add( new JavaMDI()); frame.setAlwaysOnTop( true ); frame.setLocationRelativeTo( null ); frame.setVisible( true ); } } 效果图如下：
本文转自 cping 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/cping1982/130102
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